Question:
Based on the protocol used, the Maximum Transmission Units (MTUs), range from 296 up to 65.535
What are the benefits of having a large MTU
What are the benefits of a small MTU
Compare and contrast CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA.
What purpose does including the IP header, the first 8 bytes datagram data and the IP header in error reporting ICMP messages serve?
What ICMP messages include part of the IP datagrams?
This is why it is necessary.
The following classless addresses have been assigned to an organisation by its ISP.
160.70.60.12/28 List all addresses in the range and identify the ones that can be used (total host number, IP address), network address, subnet mask, and direct broadcast address.
Your calculations should be as detailed as possible
Routers running RIP have a routing table that contains 20 entries.
a) How many periodic time are required to manage this table?
Please explain your answer.
b) What are the expiration times required to manage this table?
Please answer.
c) If five routers fail, how many garbage collection times will it take to clean up this table?
Please explain your answer.
You are the network administrator of a growing Internet service provider (ISP) and you want to maximize your network addresses.
You were assigned a classless network number of 160.50.1.1/23 by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
The network addresses are being used to fulfill the IP address requirements for 16 corporate customers, who each require between 18 and 30 host-addresses.
Calculate a subnet mask to meet their needs without using a subnet calculator.
List all subnetwork addresses that the mask will create.
Show the calculation in detail.
A call comes in from an employee claiming she cannot access the network resources.
You would like the employee to see her IP address configuration.
You sent an email to the employee explaining the command-line program she should use and how to get the information she needs.
The employee replies that her IP address was 169.254.14.11 and that the subnet mask is 255.255.0.0.
What conclusion can you draw from this information?
You want to optimize the use of your network addresses as a network administrator for an expanding Internet service provider (ISP).
A Class C network with 192.168.1.0 is one of the network addresses Internet Assigned Numbers Authority has assigned you.
To satisfy 16 corporate customers who require between 10 and 14 addresses, you have chosen to use addresses from this Class C network.
Calculate a subnet mask to meet their needs without using a subnet calculator.
The subnet mask, as well as all subnetwork addresses that the mask will create, should be listed.
Detail calculation for each output
A block of addresses is granted to an organization with the starting address 14.24.74.0/24.
As shown below, the organization must have three subblocks of addresses for its three subnets.
O ne subblock with 120 addresses.
O ne subblock with 60 addresses.
?One subblock with 10 addresses
Answer these questions to calculate the -.
Calculate the total number of IP addresses, first and last addresses for given blocks.
Calculate the subnet mask, broadcast address, and subnetwork addresses of each subnet
Answer:
A larger MTU has the following advantages:
These are suitable for handling large amounts of data that have been set over a longer distance.
It is not necessary to have major fragmentation in order to speed up delivery. There are very few lost datagrams.
These advantages are available for small MTUs:
Good transfer of time sensitive data such as audio or video.
The suit for multiplexing.
CSMA/CD is used to detect collisions.
The collision is detected using the terminations that work over the system standards. Data is also detected depending on the transmitter that doesn’t waste time in continuing.
This allows for the retransmission of last information.
CSMA/CA does not require that one deal with recovery after a collision.
It is crucial to verify that the medium is in use.
It is important to locate the busy area in which the transmitter is operating. The transmitter will then wait until it is idle before starting transmissions.
It is possible to reduce the risk of collisions by making better use of the medium.
It is crucial to match the packets with the process that sent them.
This is why it is important to understand error messages. The destination should focus on unreachable messages and the causes.
For determining the router interface, the source IP address is necessary.
The protocol messages will contain the first bytes for the TCP source port and destination port.
This allows you to troubleshoot the problem by working on the TTL expiration and source quench messages.
The IP header includes the IP datagram.
This header is used to determine the destination and source of packet information.
There are 40 periods, each with two periodic times.
There are 20 expiration times that must be met, one per period.
21 garbage collection times will be required, one after each router.
Major Network: 160.50.0.0/23
Available IP addresses in major networks: 510
Number of IP addresses required: 480
Available IP addresses within subnets: 480
Around 100% of the available major network address space are used
About 100% of subnetted address space is used
Name of the Subnet
Size is important
Allocate Size
Address
Mask
Assignable range
Broadcast
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
L
M
N
O
P
This information can be used to conclude that subnet masking was not done correctly, that DHCP error occurred, and that automatic subnetting was not performed.
Client’s system is not connected with the network and will need to be reset.
Major Network: 192.168.0.0/23
Available IP addresses in major networks: 510
Number of IP addresses required: 224
Available IP addresses within subnets:
Around 50% of the available major network address space are used
The subnetted network address area is approximately 100% used
Name of the Subnet
Size is important
Allocate Size
Address
Mask
Assignable range
Broadcast
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
L
M
N
O
P
Major Network 14.24.74.0/24
Available IP addresses in major networks: 254
Number of IP addresses required: 190
Available IP addresses within subnets:
Around 81% of the available major network address space are used
Nearly 94% of subnetted address space is used
Name of the Subnet
Size is important
Allocate Size
Address
Mask
Assignable range
Broadcast
A
B
C