One of the main causes of illness and mortality in affluent nations is acute myocardial infarction. Globally, the disease claims the lives of at least three million people annually. One million fatalities in America are thought to be caused by this non-communicable illness. One of the most serious forms of coronary disease is acute myocardial infarction. Depending on the results of the electrocardiography, it is divided into two segments: raised myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST segment elevation myocardial (NSTEMI) (Morrow, 2017). Commonly, myocardial infarction is mistaken for a heart attack. The syndrome is distinct, though, and is defined by cardiac arrest, particularly when the heart is not working properly. Therefore, if other organs stop working, the disease may result in death.
Etiology
The disease known as acute myocardial infarction typically results from an imbalance between the supply and demand for oxygen. In other words, myocardial ischemia happens when the body’s supply of oxygen is insufficient to keep up with the demand. A thrombosis, commonly known as a blood clot in the veins, is caused when an atherosclerotic plaque ruptures (Jaski, 2015). Blood clots in the circulatory system result in decreased coronary blood flow, which in turn affects how much oxygenated blood circulates in the body’s organs.
Risk Elements
This cardiovascular issue begins to develop due to a number of circumstances. These elements could consist of:
Age: Compared to women of the same age or older, males 45 years of age and older are more likely to experience an acute myocardial infarction (Mechanic & Grossman, 2019).
Tobacco: Prolonged first- and second-hand smoke exposure raises the risk of an abrupt myocardial infarction.
High blood pressure: The arteries that “feed” the heart may be damaged in those with chronic hypertension.